At the end of the 19th century, the international community took the first steps toward the institution of permanent courts with supranational jurisdiction. The Rome Statute is the result of multiple attempts for the creation of a supranational and international tribunal. ( June 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification. Following years of negotiation, aimed at establishing a permanent international tribunal to prosecute individuals accused of genocide and other serious international crimes, such as crimes against humanity, war crimes and crimes of aggression, the United Nations General Assembly convened a five-week diplomatic conference in Rome in June 1998 "to finalize and adopt a convention on the establishment of an international criminal court". The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: (I) Genocide, (II) Crimes against humanity, (III) War crimes, and (IV) Crime of aggression. The court has jurisdiction over crimes only if they are committed in the territory of a state party or if they are committed by a national of a state party an exception to this rule is that the ICC may also have jurisdiction over crimes if its jurisdiction is authorized by the United Nations Security Council. Under the Rome Statute, the ICC can only investigate and prosecute the four core international crimes in situations where states are "unable" or "unwilling" to do so themselves the jurisdiction of the court is complementary to jurisdictions of domestic courts. Those crimes "shall not be subject to any statute of limitations". The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. Among other things, it establishes court function, jurisdiction and structure. As of November 2019, 123 states are party to the statute. It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome, Italy on 17 July 1998 and it entered into force on 1 July 2002. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC).
Headquarters of the International Criminal Court in The Hague
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court at Wikisource Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish
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